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Numerous other Scientologist-run businesses and organizations belong to the umbrella company World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), which accredits using Hubbard's management teachings, and distributes directories of WISE-affiliated organizations. WISE requires those who want to end up being Hubbard management seeks advice from to finish training in Hubbard's administrative systems; this training can be carried out at any Church of Scientology, or at one of the schools of the Hubbard College of Administration, which uses an Associate of Applied Science Degree.


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Another well-known WISE-affiliated service is e. Republic, a publishing business based in Folsom, California. e. Republic publications include Government Technology and Converge magazines. The Center for Digital Federal government is a department of e. Republic that was founded in 1999. Internet ISP EarthLink was established by Scientologists Sky Dayton and Reed Slatkin as a Scientology business.


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This area requires expansion. You can assist by adding to it. In order to facilitate the continued growth of Scientology, the Church has made efforts to win allies in the kind of powerful or reputable people. Scientology. Though it has actually achieved some credibility as a religious beliefs in lots of countries, Scientology has likewise been referred to as both a cult and an industrial business.


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For example, it has actually been noted to participate in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, by recognizing as Level playing field people it views as its enemies. In 1979, several Scientology members were founded guilty for their involvement in the church's Operation Snow White, the largest theft of federal government documents in U.S.


Scientologists were also founded guilty of scams, murder and tampering with witnesses in French cases, harmful libel against attorney Casey Hill and espionage in Canada. In his book World Religions in America, spiritual scholar Jacob Neusner specifies that Scientology's "high level of presence" may be viewed as "threatening to established social organizations".


From 1952 until 1966, Scientology was administered by a company called the Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS ACTUALLY), established in Arizona on September 10, 1952. In 1954, the HAS ended up being the HASI (HAS International). The Church of Scientology was incorporated in California on February 18, 1954, changing its name to "The Church of Scientology of California" (CSC) in 1956.


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In 1967, the IRS removed all US-based Scientology entities of their tax exemption, declaring Scientology's activities were commercial and run for the benefit of Hubbard. Controversy followed the church on those years, however its development continued in the 1960s. New churches were formed in Paris (1959 ), Denmark (1968 ), Sweden (1969 ), and Germany (1970 ).


Centers of Scientology remained in 52 countries by the time the 80s came in and grew to 74 by 1992. The church took legal action against and lost repeatedly for 26 years trying to restore its tax-exempt status. The case was eventually settled in 1993, at which time the church paid $12. 5 million to the IRSgreatly less than IRS had actually at first demandedand the IRS acknowledged the church as a tax-exempt nonprofit company.


Scientology mentions its tax exemption as evidence the United States federal government accepts it as a religion. In January 2009, removal of the tax exemption was ranked as number 9 in products for the inbound Barack Obama administration to examine, as figured out in a web survey run by the governmental shift team getting public input for the inbound administration.


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State Department has actually criticized Western European nations for discrimination against Scientologists in its released yearly Your Domain Name International Religious you can try these out Liberty report, based upon the International Religious Liberty Act of 1998. In some nations Scientology is dealt with legally as an industrial enterprise, and not as a religion or charitable company. [] In early 2003, in Germany, The Church of Scientology was approved a tax-exemption for the 10% license costs sent out to the United States. The word Scientology (and many associated terms, consisting of L. Ron Hubbard) is a signed up hallmark. Religious Innovation Center, the owner of the hallmarks and copyrights, takes a difficult line on individuals and groups who try to utilize it in ways unaffiliated with the official Church (see Scientology and the legal system).


Ron Hubbard designated Mary Sue Hubbard to take control of specific aspects of legal defense for the CoS in 1968 and the Workplace of The Guardian was produced with its head workplace positioned at Saint Hill Manor - Perth Scientology. Under The Guardian's Office (later on renamed the Workplace of Unique Affairs or OSA), Church members and contracted personnel from Bureau One later arranged and committed among the biggest penetration of United States federal firms ever committed by an organization not affiliated with a foreign government (that is, one such as the KGB).


In the trial which followed the discovery of these activities the prosecution explained their actions as such: The crime devoted by these accuseds is of a breadth and scope previously unprecedented. No building, office, desk, or file was safe from their sleuthing and prying. No person or organization was devoid of their despicable conspiratorial minds.


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The Church has also in the past utilized aggressive methods in dealing with those it sees as trying to suppress them, understood as Suppressive Individuals (SPs) initially described by Hubbard as part of a policy called reasonable video game. Scientology Perth. It was under this policy that Paulette Cooper was targeted index for having authored, a 1970 expos book about the Church and its founder.


Utilizing blank paper known to have actually been dealt with by Cooper, Scientologists created bomb threats in her name. When fingerprints on them matched hers, the Justice Department started prosecution, which might have sent Cooper to prison for a lengthy term. The Church's strategy was found at the very same time as its Operation Snow White actions were exposed.

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